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Parish in Louisiana

Jefferson Parish, Louisiana

Jefferson Parish, in Louisiana, has 430,920 residents: No. 2 of 64 by population. Jefferson Parish has an FHA limit of $541,287 for one-unit homes. The typical home value here is $251,400. HUD's Fair Market Rent for a 2-bedroom apartment is $1,480 a month; to pay it without spending more than 30% of your income, you need to earn about $28.46 an hour.

Four numbers to start with

  • Typical home price

    $251,400

    +16% vs. Louisiana −24% vs. U.S.

    Half of owner-occupied homes are worth more and half are worth less.

    • Jefferson
    • Louisiana
    • United States

    Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Average 2020–2024

  • Fair market rent, 2 bedrooms

    $1,480 a month

    +27% vs. Louisiana −15% vs. U.S.

    HUD's reference rent for a two-bedroom apartment, with basic utilities.

    • Jefferson
    • Louisiana
    • United States

    Source: HUD, Fiscal year 2027

  • FHA limit 2026, 1 unit

    $541,287

    FHA national floor limit

    The most you can borrow with an FHA loan for a one-unit home here.

    • Jefferson
    • Floor
    • Ceiling

    Source: HUD, 2026 data

  • Property tax

    0.52% of value per year

    −5% vs. Louisiana −45% vs. U.S.

    $1,312 a year for the typical owner

    • Jefferson
    • Louisiana
    • United States

    Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Average 2020–2024

Market now, with Zillow data

Zillow data
Typical home value
$262,124
3.5% more than 12 months ago
Typical home value from Zillow, September 2021 to September 2026: from $288,320 to $262,124.
Typical rent
$1,470 a month
1.1% more than 12 months ago
Typical rent from Zillow, September 2021 to September 2026: from $1,236 to $1,470.

From Zillow (ZHVI/ZORI), September 2026. The Census figures above are 5-year averages (2020–2024).

Data from October 2026

In short

What is housing like in Jefferson Parish today?

The monthly payment on a typical home with FHA would be about $1,997, that is, 37% of the typical household income in Jefferson Parish. For that payment to be 28% of income, a household would need to earn about $85,590 a year; the typical income here is $65,252. Homes here are worth 16% more than the average across Louisiana.

Renting is a stretch: 54% of renters put 30% or more of their income toward housing. There are 1 agency with HUD-approved housing counselors who speak Spanish near here.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau (Average 2020–2024); HUD (Retrieved November 6, 2026).

Only here

What sets Jefferson Parish apart

  1. 32% of homes in Jefferson Parish (36,689) are in FEMA's high-risk flood zone.

  2. Among the neighboring parishes, Terrebonne Parish has the lowest typical home value ($187,200), 26% below the $251,400 in Jefferson Parish.

  3. Nearby, in Lafourche Parish, the typical rent is $928: 22% less than in Jefferson Parish ($1,190).

  4. Jefferson Parish has the 6th highest typical home value of the 64 parishes in Louisiana ($251,400).

  5. From 2020 to 2025, home prices in Jefferson Parish rose 22% on FHFA's index, about the same as in Louisiana (22%).

Sources: FEMA (As of August 3, 2026); U.S. Census Bureau (Average 2020–2024); FHFA (2025 data).

The homes here

Housing in Jefferson Parish

What homes there are in Jefferson Parish, what they cost, how that changed and how people live, from Census figures (2020–2024).

What homes there are

U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year, 2020–2024

Kind of home
Kind of home: Jefferson Parish and its comparisons
MeasureJefferson ParishLouisianaUnited States
Detached house 65%65%61%
Attached house 4%3%6%
Building of 2 to 4 10%8%8%
Apartments (5 or more) 19%11%19%
Mobile home 2%13%6%
Boat, RV and other Unreliable estimate0%0%

In Jefferson Parish, 7 in 10 homes are single-family detached houses, about the same as in Louisiana.

Year built
Year built: Jefferson Parish and its comparisons
MeasureJefferson ParishLouisianaUnited States
Before 1960 18%18%26%
1960–1979 44%28%24%
1980–1999 24%26%25%
2000–2009 9%14%14%
2010 or later 5%14%11%

The typical home in Jefferson Parish was built in 1975, 8 years before the typical one in Louisiana.

There are fewer big homes in Jefferson Parish than in Louisiana: 61% have 3 bedrooms or more, against 66%.

All homes, occupied or empty. A figure the Census cannot measure precisely enough here is not shown.

Census tables: B25024, B25034, B25035, B25041

What it costs here

U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year, 2020–2024

Value of owner-occupied homes
Value of owner-occupied homes: Jefferson Parish and its comparisons
MeasureJefferson Parish
Under $100K 8%
$100K–$200K 25%
$200K–$300K 30%
$300K–$500K 28%
$500K–$750K 6%
$750K–$1M 2%
$1M or more 2%

By price, most homes in Jefferson Parish sit under the FHA limit for this parish ($541,287): about 91%.

Monthly rent with utilities
Monthly rent with utilities: Jefferson Parish and its comparisons
MeasureJefferson Parish
Under $500 4%
$500–$999 26%
$1,000–$1,499 45%
$1,500–$1,999 19%
$2,000–$2,499 5%
$2,500–$2,999 1%
$3,000 or more 1%

HUD's 2-bedroom fair market rent (FMR) for this parish is $1,480; about 73% of rents in Jefferson Parish are below it.

With a mortgage

$1,762 a month

Louisiana: $1,604 a month

Without a mortgage

$539 a month

Louisiana: $442 a month

Owners with a mortgage

53%

Louisiana: 52%

In Jefferson Parish, 53% of owners have a mortgage, and their typical cost is $1,762 a month, against $1,604 in Louisiana. Without one it drops to $539.

Value: what owners think their home is worth. Rent: rent plus utilities, for homes of every size. The FHA limit is the most an FHA loan (Federal Housing Administration) lends for a one-unit home; the fair market rent (FMR) is the one HUD uses for housing vouchers.

Census tables: B25075, B25063, B25088, B25081

How it changed

U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year, 2015–2019 and 2020–2024

Change since 2015–2019
Change since 2015–2019: Jefferson Parish and its comparisons
MeasureJefferson ParishLouisianaUnited States
Typical home value +34%+33%+53%
Typical rent +22%+23%+33%
Typical household income +21%+23%+29%

From 2015–2019 to 2020–2024, home values in Jefferson Parish rose at about the same pace as in Louisiana: 34% against 33%.

Rents in Jefferson Parish rose at about the same pace as in Louisiana: 22% since 2015–2019, against 23%.

While home values in Jefferson Parish changed +34% and rent +22%, the typical household income rose 21%.

Change between two 5-year periods that do not overlap, in each period's dollars, not adjusted for inflation.

Census tables: B25077, B25064, B19013

How people live

U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year, 2020–2024

How people live: Jefferson Parish and its comparisons
MeasureJefferson ParishLouisianaUnited States
Rental vacancy 6.1%7.8%5.5%
Homeowner vacancy 1.1%1.3%0.9%
More than one person per room 2.6%2.3%3.4%
People per household 2.422.492.53
Drive alone 77%79%69%
Carpool 11%9%9%
Public transit 1%1%3%
Walk or bike 2%2%3%
Work from home 8%8%15%
Other means 2%2%2%
Typical commute 20 to 29 minutes20 to 29 minutes20 to 29 minutes

The rental vacancy rate in Jefferson Parish is 6.1%, lower than in Louisiana (7.8%).

In Jefferson Parish, 2.6% of households live with more than one person per room, about the same as in Louisiana.

A household in Jefferson Parish has 2.42 people on average, about the same as in Louisiana (2.49).

In Jefferson Parish, 77% of workers drive alone to work; in Louisiana, 79%.

Vacancy: empty homes offered for rent or for sale. Rooms: every room in the home, not only bedrooms. Commute: the minute range of the typical worker.

Census tables: B25004, B25003, B25014, B25010, B08301, B08303

Do the math

What would you pay each month in Jefferson Parish?

A typical home costs more than the typical income allows

We start with a typical home of $251,400, an FHA loan with 3.5% down and the latest average rate (7.18%). That payment would take 37% of the typical household income here, which is $65,252 a year. For that payment to be 28% of income, a household would need to earn about $85,590 a year.

Your numbers

Local data
$

Starts at the typical home value in Jefferson Parish. Change it to the price you have in mind.

Loan type
Your credit score

Your score changes which loans apply and FHA's minimum down payment. Your real rate also depends on your credit.

Down payment
%

That is $8,799 (3.5% of the price). The usual minimum for this loan is 3.5%.

This week's average ± a quarter or half point.

Term

National average as of November 5, 2026 (Freddie Mac); your rate may be different.

Adjust advanced details

Estimated monthly payment

Local data

$1,997

at 7.18% · 30 years

Loan amount
$246,847
Total interest
$355,154
Paid off in
November 2056

Includes $4,246 FHA upfront mortgage insurance premium.

Does it fit the income?

  • Comfortable

    up to $1,523 a month

  • Tight

    $1,523 to $1,958 a month

  • Hard

    more than $1,958 a month

    Your payment · 37%

Compared with the typical household income in Jefferson Parish ($65,252 a year). Reference: HUD calls paying more than 30% of income for housing a cost burden.

Show the result as
per month$1,997
Monthly payment breakdown
Principal & interest$1,672
Property tax$109
Home insurance$105
FHA mortgage insurance (MIP)$111

You need at least $8,799 for the down payment, plus closing costs.

This is an estimate to give you an idea, not a loan offer. Your real payment depends on your rate, your credit, and the insurance and taxes on the home you buy.

Total monthly payment $1,997; principal and interest $1,672.

Buying a home

Buying a home in Jefferson Parish

Here you'll see how prices have changed, how Jefferson Parish compares with Louisiana and the country, and what you'd pay each month with four kinds of loans.

How have home prices changed?

According to the FHFA House Price Index, home prices in Jefferson Parish rose 48% in the 10 years through 2025. FHFA's index follows the price of the same homes over the years.

Change in the FHFA House Price Index from 2015 to 2025: Jefferson Parish: +48%; Louisiana: +38%; United States: +85%.
Cumulative change in the FHFA House Price Index since 2015, each year through 2025
YearJefferson ParishLouisianaUnited States
2015 0.0%0.0%0.0%
2016 +5.6%+3.3%+5.3%
2017 +9.0%+5.8%+11.0%
2018 +12.8%+8.0%+17.3%
2019 +17.7%+10.4%+22.2%
2020 +22.0%+12.9%+25.9%
2021 +31.0%+19.5%+40.5%
2022 +46.0%+31.7%+62.2%
2023 +46.7%+33.8%+71.5%
2024 +45.1%+35.4%+79.9%
2025 +48.4%+37.9%+85.0%
Home price change in Jefferson Parish, in its state and in the U.S., according to FHFA
Period Here Louisiana United States
In 2025 +2.3% +1.8% +2.9%
5 years (2020–2025) +22% +22% +47%
10 years (2015–2025) +48% +38% +85%
See each year's change
Annual change in the FHFA House Price Index in Jefferson Parish, 2016 to 2025.
  1. 2020: +3.7%
  2. 2021: +7.3%
  3. 2022: +11.4%
  4. 2023: +0.5%
  5. 2024: −1.1%
  6. 2025: +2.3%

The index follows the prices of the same homes over time (sales and appraisals on loans bought or guaranteed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac). It is not the average price of a home. FHFA considers its annual county indexes experimental. Source: FHFA, 2025 data

Jefferson Parish compared with Louisiana and the United States

Home value, rent and household income, side by side. "Typical" is the median: half are above it and half below.

Typical home value
  • Jefferson $251,400
  • Louisiana $216,500
  • United States $332,700
Typical rent a month
  • Jefferson $1,190
  • Louisiana $1,064
  • United States $1,413
Typical household income a year
  • Jefferson $65,252
  • Louisiana $60,756
  • United States $80,734
See the full table
Jefferson compared with Louisiana and the United States
MeasureHereLouisianaU.S.
Residents430,9204,611,961334,922,499
Typical home value$251,400$216,500$332,700
Typical household income$65,252$60,756$80,734
Typical rent$1,190$1,064$1,413
Fair Market Rent (2 bedrooms)$1,480$1,161$1,750
Hourly wage to rent a 2-bedroom$28.46$22.33$33.65
Typical property tax$1,312$1,180$3,119
Effective tax rate0.52%0.55%0.94%
Households that own their home63%67%65%
Renters spending 30% or more on rent54%55%51%
FHA limit (1 unit)*$541,287$541,287$541,287

FHA limit: Louisiana shows the median of its counties; the United States, the national floor. Download CSV

Four ways to pay for a typical home in Jefferson Parish

For a typical $251,400 home at Freddie Mac's average rate (7.18% as of November 5, 2026) over 30 years. The monthly payment adds principal and interest, the county's property tax, an example homeowners insurance and mortgage insurance when it applies.

Down payment, loan and monthly payment of four loan types for a typical home in Jefferson Parish
Loan Monthly payment Down payment Loan amount Rate Mortgage insurance Cash to close Minimum score
FHA, 3.5% down $1,997 $8,799 $246,847 7.18% FHA MIP · $111 $16,341 580
Conventional, 5% down $1,951 $12,570 $238,830 7.18% PMI · $119 $20,112 620*
Conventional, 20% down, no PMI $1,576 $50,280 $201,120 7.18% None $57,822 620*
ITIN, 15% down (example) $1,809 $37,710 $213,690 8.18% None $45,252 Set by the lender
  • Cash to close = down payment plus 3% of the price in closing costs (example).
  • Minimum score: FHA requires 580 or higher for the minimum down payment (HUD Handbook 4000.1). * Fannie Mae requires 620 when a loan is underwritten by hand; its automated system has no fixed minimum.
  • The ITIN row is an example with a rate 1 percentage point higher: ITIN loans follow no federal rule and each lender sets its own down payment and rate. Nothing in this table promises an approval.

Everything about buying in Jefferson Parish: income, limits and help How much house can I afford? Closing costs

Loan limits

FHA loans in Jefferson Parish use the national floor limit: it isn't a high-cost area. If the loan you need is above these amounts, it doesn't fit FHA or it becomes a "jumbo" loan.

VA loans. If you have full VA entitlement, VA doesn't cap the loan amount. If you've used part of your entitlement, the calculation uses the county limit ($832,750 for one unit). VA loan limits (va.gov)

USDA loans. They're for homes in eligible rural areas and households with incomes within USDA's limit. Check whether the address and your income qualify on the official site. USDA eligibility (usda.gov)

FHA and conforming loan limits in Jefferson Parish, by number of units
Home type FHA limit Conforming limit
1 unit $541,287 $832,750
2 units $693,050 $1,066,250
3 units $837,700 $1,288,800
4 units $1,041,125 $1,601,750

Source: HUD, 2026 data · Source: FHFA, 2026 data

Taxes and risks

Property tax and flooding in Jefferson Parish

Two costs that change a lot from place to place and that a house payment does include: property tax and, in risk zones, flood insurance.

Property tax

In Jefferson Parish, the typical owner pays $1,312 a year: about 0.52% of the home's value. That is less than the rest of Louisiana and less than the national average.

  • Jefferson 0.52%
  • Louisiana 0.55%
  • United States 0.94%

What Louisiana publishes Homestead exemption: $7,500 of assessed value (Louisiana State Legislature (Louisiana Constitution))

Exemptions and deadlines in Louisiana

Is there a flood risk?

According to FEMA, in Jefferson Parish 32% of homes (36,689) are in a high-risk flood zone.

  • A high-risk zone (Special Flood Hazard Area) has a 1% or greater chance of flooding each year. (44 CFR 59.1)
  • If the home is in that zone and the loan comes from a regulated lender, federal law requires flood insurance for the life of the loan, in communities that take part in the NFIP. (42 U.S.C. 4012a)
  • Most homeowners insurance does not cover flood damage. (FEMA, FloodSmart)

Source: FEMA, As of August 3, 2026

Look up your address on FEMA’s map

Owning a home here

Owning a home in Jefferson Parish

The natural hazards FEMA measures in Jefferson Parish, a maintenance plan for your climate and what the trades earn in your area.

Risks to your home

FEMA, National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025)

According to FEMA, the natural hazard risk in Jefferson Parish is relatively high.

That rating combines the loss FEMA expects with social vulnerability and community resilience.

The loss FEMA expects each year in Jefferson Parish from all natural hazards is $371 million, counting buildings, people and crops.

For homes and buildings, the costliest hazard here is hurricane, at about $236 million in losses a year.

Loss FEMA expects each year to homes and buildings, by hazard
  1. HurricaneFEMA risk rating: Very high $236 million a year
  2. Inland floodingFEMA risk rating: Relatively high $72.7 million a year
  3. Coastal floodingFEMA risk rating: Very high $9.8 million a year
  4. EarthquakeFEMA risk rating: Relatively low $783,935 a year
  5. TornadoFEMA risk rating: Relatively moderate $701,270 a year

What it means for your home

The ratings are FEMA's own. FEMA says its data is meant for planning and does not replace a local study. Drought is not shown: FEMA counts its loss in crops only.

National Risk Index, version 1.20.0 (December 2025), retrieved November 6, 2026

FEMA notice: This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Climate and upkeep

Department of Energy (PNNL), 2021 IECC zones

Jefferson Parish is in climate zone 2A of the home energy code (IECC): hot and humid.

The zone's number says how hot or cold it gets; the letter says how humid: A is moist, B is dry and C is marine.

  • Spring

    • Book the air conditioner's check-up before the heat: ENERGY STAR advises checking the cooling system in the spring, because contractors get busy once summer comes. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
    • Clean and repair the roof gutters. Source: EPA
  • Summer

    • Keep indoor humidity below 60 % (ideally between 30 % and 50 %). A humidity meter is inexpensive and sold at hardware stores. Source: EPA
    • Keep the air conditioner's drip pan clean and its drain line flowing: a plugged drain can cause water damage in the house. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
  • Fall

    • Book the heating check-up in the fall. If it runs on gas or oil, the technician should check the connections: faulty ones are a fire hazard. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
    • Check that the ground slopes away from the house, so water does not collect around the foundation. Source: EPA
  • Winter

    • Look for drafts at windows and doors: close the window on a piece of paper; if it moves back and forth easily, it needs thicker weather stripping. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
    • Seal the air ducts that run through the attic, crawlspace, basement or garage with duct mastic or foil tape, then wrap them in insulation. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)

All year

  • Check the air filter every month, especially in heavy-use months. If it looks dirty, change it; change it at least every 3 months. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
  • Test the smoke alarms every month and replace their batteries at least once a year. Source: USFA (FEMA)

Each task comes from the official page beside it. The spring air-conditioning and fall heating check-ups are the timing ENERGY STAR advises; the rest is a suggested order.

Climate zones by county, 2021 IECC

What the trades charge here

BLS, wages for May 2025

Hourly wage for each trade in the New Orleans-Metairie, LA area, according to BLS (May 2025)
TradeTypical hourly wage8 in 10 earn between
Electricians$30.04$18.74 and $39.68
Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters$30.03$18.86 and $38.31
Heating, air conditioning and refrigeration mechanics$30.53$18.41 and $39.24
Carpenters$24.10$17.91 and $35.12
Painters, construction and maintenance$22.11$16.73 and $28.59
Maintenance and repair workers, general$21.76$14.35 and $34.78

An electrician earns about $30.04 an hour in the New Orleans-Metairie, LA area, and a plumber, about $30.03.

These are workers' hourly wages, not the price of a job.

BLS publishes no wages for roofers in this area.

Renting

Renting in Jefferson Parish

The typical rent in Jefferson Parish is $1,190 a month. HUD also publishes a “fair market rent” by unit size: it's the one programs like Section 8 use.

54% of renter households in Jefferson Parish spend 30% or more of their income on housing. 31% spend half or more.

Fair market rent by size

To pay the fair market rent without spending more than 30% of income, working full time (40 hours a week).

Fair market rent by size
Size Fair rent a month Hourly wage Income needed per year
Studio $1,096 $21.08 $43,840
1 bedroom $1,229 $23.63 $49,160
2 bedrooms $1,480 $28.46 $59,200
3 bedrooms $1,900 $36.54 $76,000
4 bedrooms $2,233 $42.94 $89,320

Includes basic utilities. It isn't the lowest or highest rent: it's a reference point. Source: HUD, Fiscal year 2027

Free help in Jefferson Parish

Programs and counseling in Jefferson Parish

There is 1 HUD-approved housing counseling agency in Jefferson Parish. They can help you get ready to buy, with your credit, with rent, or if you've fallen behind on payments.

Official programs for the down payment and loans for buyers. Check which ones you might qualify for with your income and your county.

A father holds his baby and his young son by a white picket fence.

HUD counseling is free or low-cost

Louisiana down payment programs

  1. HomeStart Assist

    Louisiana state corporation 30-year mortgage for first-time buyers with 4% of the loan in assistance, as a 0% second mortgage forgiven after 60 months

    First-time buyers only. Run by Louisiana Housing Corporation (LHC).

    Forgivable Verified November 5, 2026

  2. HomeStart Advantage

    Louisiana state corporation 30-year mortgage with 4% of the loan in assistance, as a 0% second mortgage forgiven after 60 months; you do not need to be a first-time buyer, but you cannot own another home at closing

    No first-time requirement. Run by Louisiana Housing Corporation (LHC).

    Forgivable Verified November 5, 2026

Which programs do I qualify for? See all Louisiana programs

Help in Spanish in Jefferson Parish

None of the 1 agencies on this list say they serve in Spanish.

Ask for service in Spanish

When you call, say “Spanish, please” or ask if someone speaks Spanish. If not, ask whether they offer an interpreter.

Public housing agencies

They run public housing and Section 8 vouchers (Housing Choice Vouchers) in this parish.

  • Parish of Jefferson Section 8 vouchers (504) 342-4475
  • Housing Authority of the City of Kenner Public housing and Section 8 vouchers (504) 467-9166

Free legal help

If you have a problem with your landlord, an eviction notice or a scam, the Legal Services Corporation (LSC) search shows the free legal aid offices that serve your area.

Find legal aid (lsc.gov)

Housing counseling nearby

These agencies have an office in Jefferson Parish. The full list is on the Louisiana counselors page. Official HUD list. Confirm hours and fees with the agency before you go.

  • Jefferson Community Action Programs

    1221 Elmwood Park Blvd, New Orleans

    • Mortgage delinquency and default
    • Budget and financial counseling
    • and 4 more
See every agency in Louisiana

Places

Cities in Jefferson Parish

Each city has its own page with prices, rents and help. These are the largest.

See all 16 cities of Jefferson Parish

Nearby parishes

Each row compares its typical value, typical rent and FHA limit with Jefferson Parish.

Read next

Guides that help here

We picked them by this county's numbers: what weighs most here is what's worth understanding first.

Frequently asked questions

What is the FHA loan limit in Jefferson Parish in 2026?

Jefferson Parish has an FHA limit of $541,287 for a one-unit home. For 2 units it's $693,050, for 3 it's $837,700 and for 4 it's $1,041,125. It's the national floor limit.

What is the conforming loan limit in Jefferson Parish?

Jefferson Parish has a conforming limit of $832,750 for one-unit conventional loans in 2026. A bigger loan is a “jumbo” loan.

How much does a typical home cost in Jefferson Parish?

The typical home value in Jefferson Parish is $251,400 (Average 2020–2024, U.S. Census). Across Louisiana it's $216,500.

How much does it cost to rent in Jefferson Parish?

Jefferson Parish has a typical rent of $1,190 a month (Average 2020–2024, U.S. Census). HUD's fair market rent for a 2-bedroom apartment is $1,480 (Fiscal year 2027).

How much do you need to earn to rent a 2-bedroom apartment in Jefferson Parish?

About $28.46 an hour working full time (2,080 hours a year), or $59,200 a year, so the fair market rent of $1,480 stays under 30% of income.

Sources: American Community Survey (Average 2020–2024); FHA mortgage limits (2026 data); Conforming loan limits (2026 data); Fair Market Rents (Fiscal year 2027); Income Limits (Fiscal year 2026); HUD-approved housing counseling agencies (Retrieved November 6, 2026); Public Housing Agencies (Retrieved November 6, 2026); Freddie Mac Primary Mortgage Market Survey (As of November 5, 2026); FHFA House Price Index (2025 data); Homes with flood insurance (As of August 3, 2026); National Risk Index (2025 data); IECC climate zones by county (2021 data); Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (2025 data); Census Bureau cartographic boundary files (2024 data).