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Parish in Louisiana

Acadia Parish, Louisiana

Acadia Parish is a parish in Louisiana with 56,955 residents, No. 19 of 64 by population. In Acadia Parish, the FHA loan limit for a one-unit home is $541,287, and a typical home is worth $155,500. To rent a 2-bedroom apartment at Fair Market Rent ($902 a month) without going over 30% of your income, you need to earn about $17.35 an hour.

Four numbers to start with

  • Typical home price

    $155,500

    −28% vs. Louisiana −53% vs. U.S.

    Half of owner-occupied homes are worth more and half are worth less.

    • Acadia
    • Louisiana
    • United States

    Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Average 2020–2024

  • Fair market rent, 2 bedrooms

    $902 a month

    −22% vs. Louisiana −48% vs. U.S.

    HUD's reference rent for a two-bedroom apartment, with basic utilities.

    • Acadia
    • Louisiana
    • United States

    Source: HUD, Fiscal year 2027

  • FHA limit 2026, 1 unit

    $541,287

    FHA national floor limit

    The most you can borrow with an FHA loan for a one-unit home here.

    • Acadia
    • Floor
    • Ceiling

    Source: HUD, 2026 data

  • Property tax

    0.31% of value per year

    −44% vs. Louisiana −67% vs. U.S.

    $483 a year for the typical owner

    • Acadia
    • Louisiana
    • United States

    Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Average 2020–2024

Market now, with Zillow data

Zillow data
Typical home value
$153,529
5.5% more than 12 months ago
Typical home value from Zillow, September 2021 to September 2026: from $160,821 to $153,529.

From Zillow (ZHVI), September 2026. The Census figures above are 5-year averages (2020–2024).

Data from October 2026

In short

What is housing like in Acadia Parish today?

With an FHA loan and the minimum down payment, a typical home would cost about $1,208 a month: 32% of the typical household income here. For that payment to be 28% of income, a household would need to earn about $51,774 a year; the typical income here is $45,562. The typical home value is 28% less than in Louisiana overall. The typical property tax is $483 a year (about 0.31% of home value), lower than in Louisiana.

54% of renter households spend 30% or more of their income on housing. There are 3 agencies with HUD-approved housing counselors who speak Spanish near here.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau (Average 2020–2024); HUD (Retrieved November 6, 2026).

Only here

What sets Acadia Parish apart

  1. 27% of homes in Acadia Parish (6,432) are in FEMA's high-risk flood zone, and only 25% of those carry NFIP flood insurance.

  2. Nearby, in Allen Parish, the typical home value is $104,500: 33% less than in Acadia Parish ($155,500).

  3. According to Zillow, in the 12 months to September 2026 the typical home value in Acadia Parish rose 5.5%; in Louisiana, it rose 2.1%.

  4. From 2020 to 2025, home prices in Acadia Parish rose 18% on FHFA's index, slower than in Louisiana (22%).

  5. 17% of households in Acadia Parish have no internet at home, against 11% in Louisiana.

Sources: FEMA (As of August 3, 2026); U.S. Census Bureau (Average 2020–2024); Zillow (September 2026 data); FHFA (2025 data). Zillow data

The homes here

Housing in Acadia Parish

What homes there are in Acadia Parish, what they cost, how that changed and how people live, from Census figures (2020–2024).

What homes there are

U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year, 2020–2024

Kind of home
Kind of home: Acadia Parish and its comparisons
MeasureAcadia ParishLouisianaUnited States
Detached house 72%65%61%
Attached house Unreliable estimate3%6%
Building of 2 to 4 6%8%8%
Apartments (5 or more) Unreliable estimate11%19%
Mobile home 18%13%6%
Boat, RV and other Unreliable estimate0%0%

Detached houses, standing on their own, make up 72% of homes here, against 65% in Louisiana.

There are more mobile homes here than in Louisiana: 18% of homes, against 13%.

Year built
Year built: Acadia Parish and its comparisons
MeasureAcadia ParishLouisianaUnited States
Before 1960 23%18%26%
1960–1979 27%28%24%
1980–1999 25%26%25%
2000–2009 13%14%14%
2010 or later 12%14%11%

By age, homes in Acadia Parish look like those in Louisiana: the typical year built is 1980.

By size, homes in Acadia Parish look like those in Louisiana: 66% have 3 bedrooms or more.

All homes, occupied or empty. A figure the Census cannot measure precisely enough here is not shown.

Census tables: B25024, B25034, B25035, B25041

What it costs here

U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year, 2020–2024

Value of owner-occupied homes
Value of owner-occupied homes: Acadia Parish and its comparisons
MeasureAcadia Parish
Under $100K 36%
$100K–$200K 25%
$200K–$300K 20%
$300K–$500K 14%
$500K–$750K Unreliable estimate
$750K–$1M Unreliable estimate
$1M or more Unreliable estimate

With an FHA limit of $541,287, at least 96% of owner-occupied homes in Acadia Parish sit below it: they are worth less than $500,000.

Monthly rent with utilities
Monthly rent with utilities: Acadia Parish and its comparisons
MeasureAcadia Parish
Under $500 29%
$500–$999 49%
$1,000–$1,499 19%
$1,500–$1,999 Unreliable estimate
$2,000–$2,499 Unreliable estimate
$2,500–$2,999 Unreliable
$3,000 or more Unreliable

HUD's 2-bedroom fair market rent (FMR) for this parish is $902; about 68% of rents in Acadia Parish are below it.

With a mortgage

$1,297 a month

Louisiana: $1,604 a month

Without a mortgage

$350 a month

Louisiana: $442 a month

Owners with a mortgage

40%

Louisiana: 52%

In Acadia Parish, 40% of owners have a mortgage, and their typical cost is $1,297 a month, against $1,604 in Louisiana. Without one it drops to $350.

Value: what owners think their home is worth. Rent: rent plus utilities, for homes of every size. The FHA limit is the most an FHA loan (Federal Housing Administration) lends for a one-unit home; the fair market rent (FMR) is the one HUD uses for housing vouchers.

Census tables: B25075, B25063, B25088, B25081

How it changed

U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year, 2015–2019 and 2020–2024

Change since 2015–2019
Change since 2015–2019: Acadia Parish and its comparisons
MeasureAcadia ParishLouisianaUnited States
Typical home value +32%+33%+53%
Typical rent No clear change+23%+33%
Typical household income No clear change+23%+29%

The typical home value in Acadia Parish rose 32% since 2015–2019, about the same as in Louisiana (33%).

Since 2015–2019, the typical rent in Acadia Parish did not change clearly, according to the Census.

Change between two 5-year periods that do not overlap, in each period's dollars, not adjusted for inflation.

Census tables: B25077, B25064, B19013

How people live

U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year, 2020–2024

How people live: Acadia Parish and its comparisons
MeasureAcadia ParishLouisianaUnited States
Rental vacancy Unreliable estimate7.8%5.5%
Homeowner vacancy Unreliable estimate1.3%0.9%
More than one person per room 2.6%2.3%3.4%
People per household 2.542.492.53
Drive alone 83%79%69%
Carpool 8%9%9%
Public transit Unreliable estimate1%3%
Walk or bike 3%2%3%
Work from home 6%8%15%
Other means Unreliable estimate2%2%
Typical commute 20 to 29 minutes20 to 29 minutes20 to 29 minutes

Much as in Louisiana, 2.6% of households in Acadia Parish have more than one person per room.

Much as in Louisiana, a household in Acadia Parish has 2.54 people on average.

The car rules in Acadia Parish: 83% of workers drive to work alone, and the typical trip takes 20 to 29 minutes.

Vacancy: empty homes offered for rent or for sale. Rooms: every room in the home, not only bedrooms. Commute: the minute range of the typical worker.

Census tables: B25004, B25003, B25014, B25010, B08301, B08303

Do the math

What would you pay each month in Acadia Parish?

A typical home is tight for the typical income

We start with a typical home of $155,500, an FHA loan with 3.5% down and the latest average rate (7.18%). That payment would take 32% of the typical household income here, which is $45,562 a year. For that payment to be 28% of income, a household would need to earn about $51,774 a year.

Your numbers

Local data
$

Starts at the typical home value in Acadia Parish. Change it to the price you have in mind.

Loan type
Your credit score

Your score changes which loans apply and FHA's minimum down payment. Your real rate also depends on your credit.

Down payment
%

That is $5,443 (3.5% of the price). The usual minimum for this loan is 3.5%.

This week's average ± a quarter or half point.

Term

National average as of November 5, 2026 (Freddie Mac); your rate may be different.

Adjust advanced details

Estimated monthly payment

Local data

$1,208

at 7.18% · 30 years

Loan amount
$152,683
Total interest
$219,675
Paid off in
November 2056

Includes $2,626 FHA upfront mortgage insurance premium.

Does it fit the income?

  • Comfortable

    up to $1,063 a month

  • Tight

    $1,063 to $1,367 a month

    Your payment · 32%

  • Hard

    more than $1,367 a month

Compared with the typical household income in Acadia Parish ($45,562 a year). Reference: HUD calls paying more than 30% of income for housing a cost burden.

Show the result as
per month$1,208
Monthly payment breakdown
Principal & interest$1,034
Property tax$40
Home insurance$65
FHA mortgage insurance (MIP)$69

You need at least $5,443 for the down payment, plus closing costs.

This is an estimate to give you an idea, not a loan offer. Your real payment depends on your rate, your credit, and the insurance and taxes on the home you buy.

Total monthly payment $1,208; principal and interest $1,034.

Buying a home

Buying a home in Acadia Parish

Here you'll see how prices have changed, how Acadia Parish compares with Louisiana and the country, and what you'd pay each month with four kinds of loans.

How have home prices changed?

According to the FHFA House Price Index, home prices in Acadia Parish rose 30% in the 10 years through 2025. FHFA's index follows the price of the same homes over the years.

Change in the FHFA House Price Index from 2015 to 2025: Acadia Parish: +30%; Louisiana: +38%; United States: +85%.
Cumulative change in the FHFA House Price Index since 2015, each year through 2025
YearAcadia ParishLouisianaUnited States
2015 0.0%0.0%0.0%
2016 +2.2%+3.3%+5.3%
2017 +3.3%+5.8%+11.0%
2018 +5.7%+8.0%+17.3%
2019 +10.1%+10.4%+22.2%
2020 +10.6%+12.9%+25.9%
2021 +12.7%+19.5%+40.5%
2022 +26.1%+31.7%+62.2%
2023 +27.2%+33.8%+71.5%
2024 +24.9%+35.4%+79.9%
2025 +30.4%+37.9%+85.0%
Home price change in Acadia Parish, in its state and in the U.S., according to FHFA
Period Here Louisiana United States
In 2025 +4.4% +1.8% +2.9%
5 years (2020–2025) +18% +22% +47%
10 years (2015–2025) +30% +38% +85%
See each year's change
Annual change in the FHFA House Price Index in Acadia Parish, 2016 to 2025.
  1. 2020: +0.5%
  2. 2021: +1.9%
  3. 2022: +11.8%
  4. 2023: +1.0%
  5. 2024: −1.9%
  6. 2025: +4.4%

The index follows the prices of the same homes over time (sales and appraisals on loans bought or guaranteed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac). It is not the average price of a home. FHFA considers its annual county indexes experimental. Source: FHFA, 2025 data

Acadia Parish compared with Louisiana and the United States

Home value, rent and household income, side by side. "Typical" is the median: half are above it and half below.

Typical home value
  • Acadia $155,500
  • Louisiana $216,500
  • United States $332,700
Typical rent a month
  • Acadia $681
  • Louisiana $1,064
  • United States $1,413
Typical household income a year
  • Acadia $45,562
  • Louisiana $60,756
  • United States $80,734
See the full table
Acadia compared with Louisiana and the United States
MeasureHereLouisianaU.S.
Residents56,9554,611,961334,922,499
Typical home value$155,500$216,500$332,700
Typical household income$45,562$60,756$80,734
Typical rent$681$1,064$1,413
Fair Market Rent (2 bedrooms)$902$1,161$1,750
Hourly wage to rent a 2-bedroom$17.35$22.33$33.65
Typical property tax$483$1,180$3,119
Effective tax rate0.31%0.55%0.94%
Households that own their home67%67%65%
Renters spending 30% or more on rent54%55%51%
FHA limit (1 unit)*$541,287$541,287$541,287

FHA limit: Louisiana shows the median of its counties; the United States, the national floor. Download CSV

Four ways to pay for a typical home in Acadia Parish

For a typical $155,500 home at Freddie Mac's average rate (7.18% as of November 5, 2026) over 30 years. The monthly payment adds principal and interest, the county's property tax, an example homeowners insurance and mortgage insurance when it applies.

Down payment, loan and monthly payment of four loan types for a typical home in Acadia Parish
Loan Monthly payment Down payment Loan amount Rate Mortgage insurance Cash to close Minimum score
FHA, 3.5% down $1,208 $5,443 $152,684 7.18% FHA MIP · $69 $10,108 580
Conventional, 5% down $1,180 $7,775 $147,725 7.18% PMI · $74 $12,440 620*
Conventional, 20% down, no PMI $948 $31,100 $124,400 7.18% None $35,765 620*
ITIN, 15% down (example) $1,091 $23,325 $132,175 8.18% None $27,990 Set by the lender
  • Cash to close = down payment plus 3% of the price in closing costs (example).
  • Minimum score: FHA requires 580 or higher for the minimum down payment (HUD Handbook 4000.1). * Fannie Mae requires 620 when a loan is underwritten by hand; its automated system has no fixed minimum.
  • The ITIN row is an example with a rate 1 percentage point higher: ITIN loans follow no federal rule and each lender sets its own down payment and rate. Nothing in this table promises an approval.

How much house can I afford? Closing costs

Loan limits

FHA loans in Acadia Parish use the national floor limit: it isn't a high-cost area. If the loan you need is above these amounts, it doesn't fit FHA or it becomes a "jumbo" loan.

VA loans. If you have full VA entitlement, VA doesn't cap the loan amount. If you've used part of your entitlement, the calculation uses the county limit ($832,750 for one unit). VA loan limits (va.gov)

USDA loans. They're for homes in eligible rural areas and households with incomes within USDA's limit. Check whether the address and your income qualify on the official site. USDA eligibility (usda.gov)

FHA and conforming loan limits in Acadia Parish, by number of units
Home type FHA limit Conforming limit
1 unit $541,287 $832,750
2 units $693,050 $1,066,250
3 units $837,700 $1,288,800
4 units $1,041,125 $1,601,750

Source: HUD, 2026 data · Source: FHFA, 2026 data

Taxes and risks

Property tax and flooding in Acadia Parish

Two costs that change a lot from place to place and that a house payment does include: property tax and, in risk zones, flood insurance.

Property tax

In Acadia Parish, the typical owner pays $483 a year: about 0.31% of the home's value. That is less than the rest of Louisiana and less than the national average.

  • Acadia 0.31%
  • Louisiana 0.55%
  • United States 0.94%

What Louisiana publishes Homestead exemption: $7,500 of assessed value (Louisiana State Legislature (Louisiana Constitution))

Exemptions and deadlines in Louisiana

Is there a flood risk?

According to FEMA, in Acadia Parish 27% of homes (6,432) are in a high-risk flood zone. Of those homes, 25% have NFIP flood insurance.

  • A high-risk zone (Special Flood Hazard Area) has a 1% or greater chance of flooding each year. (44 CFR 59.1)
  • If the home is in that zone and the loan comes from a regulated lender, federal law requires flood insurance for the life of the loan, in communities that take part in the NFIP. (42 U.S.C. 4012a)
  • Most homeowners insurance does not cover flood damage. (FEMA, FloodSmart)

Source: FEMA, As of August 3, 2026

Look up your address on FEMA’s map

Owning a home here

Owning a home in Acadia Parish

The natural hazards FEMA measures in Acadia Parish, a maintenance plan for your climate and what the trades earn in your area.

Risks to your home

FEMA, National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025)

FEMA rates the natural hazard risk in Acadia Parish as relatively moderate.

FEMA builds that rating from three parts: expected loss, social vulnerability and community resilience.

In Acadia Parish, FEMA expects natural hazards to cause $50.7 million in losses a year, counting buildings, people and crops.

The hazard that would do the most damage to homes and buildings here is hurricane: about $20 million a year.

Loss FEMA expects each year to homes and buildings, by hazard
  1. HurricaneFEMA risk rating: Relatively high $20 million a year
  2. Inland floodingFEMA risk rating: Relatively moderate $18.7 million a year
  3. TornadoFEMA risk rating: Relatively moderate $1.3 million a year
  4. EarthquakeFEMA risk rating: Very low $122,638 a year
  5. WildfireFEMA risk rating: Very low $55,789 a year

What it means for your home

The ratings are FEMA's own. FEMA says its data is meant for planning and does not replace a local study. Drought is not shown: FEMA counts its loss in crops only.

National Risk Index, version 1.20.0 (December 2025), retrieved November 6, 2026

FEMA notice: This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Climate and upkeep

Department of Energy (PNNL), 2021 IECC zones

Acadia Parish is climate zone 2A in the home energy code (IECC): hot and humid.

The zone's number says how hot or cold it gets; the letter says how humid: A is moist, B is dry and C is marine.

  • Spring

    • Book the air conditioner's check-up before the heat: ENERGY STAR advises checking the cooling system in the spring, because contractors get busy once summer comes. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
    • Clean and repair the roof gutters. Source: EPA
  • Summer

    • Keep indoor humidity below 60 % (ideally between 30 % and 50 %). A humidity meter is inexpensive and sold at hardware stores. Source: EPA
    • Keep the air conditioner's drip pan clean and its drain line flowing: a plugged drain can cause water damage in the house. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
  • Fall

    • Book the heating check-up in the fall. If it runs on gas or oil, the technician should check the connections: faulty ones are a fire hazard. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
    • Check that the ground slopes away from the house, so water does not collect around the foundation. Source: EPA
  • Winter

    • Look for drafts at windows and doors: close the window on a piece of paper; if it moves back and forth easily, it needs thicker weather stripping. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
    • Seal the air ducts that run through the attic, crawlspace, basement or garage with duct mastic or foil tape, then wrap them in insulation. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)

All year

  • Check the air filter every month, especially in heavy-use months. If it looks dirty, change it; change it at least every 3 months. Source: ENERGY STAR (EPA)
  • Test the smoke alarms every month and replace their batteries at least once a year. Source: USFA (FEMA)

Each task comes from the official page beside it. The spring air-conditioning and fall heating check-ups are the timing ENERGY STAR advises; the rest is a suggested order.

Climate zones by county, 2021 IECC

What the trades charge here

BLS, wages for May 2025

Hourly wage for each trade in the Lafayette, LA area, according to BLS (May 2025)
TradeTypical hourly wage8 in 10 earn between
Electricians$28.76$17.92 and $38.22
Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters$27.85$17.25 and $35.96
Heating, air conditioning and refrigeration mechanics$24.99$16.59 and $35.93
Roofers$23.03$17.62 and $38.00
Carpenters$22.81$13.71 and $30.78
Painters, construction and maintenance$20.90$16.45 and $28.27
Maintenance and repair workers, general$19.68$10.67 and $31.86

According to BLS, an electrician earns about $28.76 an hour in the Lafayette, LA area; a plumber, about $27.85.

These are workers' hourly wages, not the price of a job.

Renting

Renting in Acadia Parish

The typical rent in Acadia Parish is $681 a month. HUD also publishes a “fair market rent” by unit size: it's the one programs like Section 8 use.

54% of renter households in Acadia Parish spend 30% or more of their income on housing. 25% spend half or more.

Fair market rent by size

To pay the fair market rent without spending more than 30% of income, working full time (40 hours a week).

Fair market rent by size
Size Fair rent a month Hourly wage Income needed per year
Studio $628 $12.08 $25,120
1 bedroom $690 $13.27 $27,600
2 bedrooms $902 $17.35 $36,080
3 bedrooms $1,075 $20.67 $43,000
4 bedrooms $1,267 $24.37 $50,680

Includes basic utilities. It isn't the lowest or highest rent: it's a reference point. Source: HUD, Fiscal year 2027

Free help in Acadia Parish

Programs and counseling in Acadia Parish

There is 1 HUD-approved housing counseling agency in Acadia Parish. They can help you get ready to buy, with your credit, with rent, or if you've fallen behind on payments.

Official programs for the down payment and loans for buyers. Check which ones you might qualify for with your income and your county.

Two wooden shotgun houses with porches in Donaldsonville, Louisiana.

HUD counseling is free or low-cost

Louisiana down payment programs

  1. HomeStart Assist

    Louisiana state corporation 30-year mortgage for first-time buyers with 4% of the loan in assistance, as a 0% second mortgage forgiven after 60 months

    First-time buyers only. Run by Louisiana Housing Corporation (LHC).

    Forgivable Verified November 5, 2026

  2. HomeStart Advantage

    Louisiana state corporation 30-year mortgage with 4% of the loan in assistance, as a 0% second mortgage forgiven after 60 months; you do not need to be a first-time buyer, but you cannot own another home at closing

    No first-time requirement. Run by Louisiana Housing Corporation (LHC).

    Forgivable Verified November 5, 2026

Which programs do I qualify for? See all Louisiana programs

Help in Spanish in Acadia Parish

None of the 1 agencies on this list say they serve in Spanish.

Ask for service in Spanish

When you call, say “Spanish, please” or ask if someone speaks Spanish. If not, ask whether they offer an interpreter.

Public housing agencies

They run public housing and Section 8 vouchers (Housing Choice Vouchers) in this parish.

  • Housing Authority of Crowley Public housing and Section 8 vouchers (337) 783-8521
  • Housing Authority of the Town of Church Point Public housing and Section 8 vouchers (337) 684-2195

Free legal help

If you have a problem with your landlord, an eviction notice or a scam, the Legal Services Corporation (LSC) search shows the free legal aid offices that serve your area.

Find legal aid (lsc.gov)

Housing counseling nearby

These agencies have an office in Acadia Parish. The full list is on the Louisiana counselors page. Official HUD list. Confirm hours and fees with the agency before you go.

  • Assist Agency

    225 N Avenue C, Crowley

    • Mortgage delinquency and default
    • Budget and financial counseling
    • and 5 more
See every agency in Louisiana

Places

Cities in Acadia Parish

This site has no city pages of Acadia Parish. The neighboring counties are below.

See all 2 cities of Acadia Parish

Nearby parishes

Each row compares its typical value, typical rent and FHA limit with Acadia Parish.

Read next

Guides that help here

We picked them by this county's numbers: what weighs most here is what's worth understanding first.

Frequently asked questions

What is the FHA loan limit in Acadia Parish in 2026?

Acadia Parish has an FHA limit of $541,287 for a one-unit home. For 2 units it's $693,050, for 3 it's $837,700 and for 4 it's $1,041,125. It's the national floor limit.

What is the conforming loan limit in Acadia Parish?

Acadia Parish has a conforming limit of $832,750 for one-unit conventional loans in 2026. A bigger loan is a “jumbo” loan.

How much does a typical home cost in Acadia Parish?

The typical home value in Acadia Parish is $155,500 (Average 2020–2024, U.S. Census). Across Louisiana it's $216,500.

How much does it cost to rent in Acadia Parish?

Acadia Parish has a typical rent of $681 a month (Average 2020–2024, U.S. Census). HUD's fair market rent for a 2-bedroom apartment is $902 (Fiscal year 2027).

How much do you need to earn to rent a 2-bedroom apartment in Acadia Parish?

About $17.35 an hour working full time (2,080 hours a year), or $36,080 a year, so the fair market rent of $902 stays under 30% of income.

Sources: American Community Survey (Average 2020–2024); FHA mortgage limits (2026 data); Conforming loan limits (2026 data); Fair Market Rents (Fiscal year 2027); Income Limits (Fiscal year 2026); HUD-approved housing counseling agencies (Retrieved November 6, 2026); Public Housing Agencies (Retrieved November 6, 2026); Freddie Mac Primary Mortgage Market Survey (As of November 5, 2026); FHFA House Price Index (2025 data); Homes with flood insurance (As of August 3, 2026); National Risk Index (2025 data); IECC climate zones by county (2021 data); Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (2025 data); Census Bureau cartographic boundary files (2024 data).