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DictionaryThe buying process

Wire fraud at closing: what it means

This is a scam aimed at people about to close on a home. Days before closing, the scammer sends an email that looks like it comes from your real estate agent or settlement agent with "new" instructions to wire or electronically transfer your down payment or closing costs to a different account.

In Spanish it is

Fraude de transferencia en el cierre

Also written as: mortgage closing scam · wire fraud · closing wire fraud

The full explanation

If it works, getting the money back can be very hard. The CFPB recommends writing down two trusted contacts ahead of time, confirming any instructions with them using only those numbers, and not using phone numbers or links in the email. If it happens to you, call your bank right away to stop or reverse the transfer.

An example

A few days before closing, Lucía gets an email with her title company's logo that changes the account for the payment. She does not reply: she calls the number she wrote down at the start and confirms the email was fake.

You will see it in…

  • Last-minute emails or messages that “change” the payment instructions
  • The instructions for sending your closing funds (wiring instructions)
  • The list of trusted contacts you prepare before closing

Words that go with it

You will rarely see this word alone. These are the ones that show up with it on the same papers.

An older woman smiles in front of her apartment building.

Still confused by a paper?

A HUD-approved housing counselor can walk you through it. Agencies usually charge little or nothing, many work in Spanish, and they do not sell you anything.

Official sources

We sum up what these official sources say, in plain words. We add no rules they do not state; when a rule changes, the definition and its date change.

  1. 1. CFPB · What are some common types of fraud and scams? (mortgage closing scams) (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026
  2. 2. CFPB · Buying a home? Beware of mortgage closing scams (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026