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DictionaryLoans

Manual underwriting: what it means

Manual underwriting is when the lender evaluates your mortgage application by reviewing your credit, income, savings and debts itself, instead of relying on an automated system's recommendation. Fannie Mae allows both: its automated system (Desktop Underwriter) or manual underwriting.

In Spanish it is

Suscripción manual (manual underwriting)

Also written as: manual underwrite · manually underwritten loan

The full explanation

For FHA loans, HUD requires manual underwriting when the automated system returns a “Refer” or the file must be downgraded to a manual review, and also for borrowers with no credit score who use nontraditional credit. The rules can be stricter: at Fannie Mae, the maximum debt-to-income ratio is lower.

An example

Teresa has no credit score and applies for an FHA loan using her rent and utility history. Her lender explains that her loan will be manually underwritten and that it will ask for more documents.

You will see it in…

  • What the lender tells you when the automated system returns a “Refer”
  • FHA's rules (HUD Handbook 4000.1) for borrowers with no credit score
  • Fannie Mae's Selling Guide, in the rules for manually underwritten loans

Words that go with it

You will rarely see this word alone. These are the ones that show up with it on the same papers.

A young woman and a young man point to a line in their notes beside a laptop in a library.

Still confused by a paper?

A HUD-approved housing counselor can walk you through it. Agencies usually charge little or nothing, many work in Spanish, and they do not sell you anything.

Official sources

We sum up what these official sources say, in plain words. We add no rules they do not state; when a rule changes, the definition and its date change.

  1. 1. Fannie Mae · Selling Guide B3-1-01: Comprehensive Risk Assessment (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026
  2. 2. Fannie Mae · Selling Guide B3-6-02: Debt-to-Income Ratios (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026
  3. 3. HUD · HUD Handbook 4000.1, II.A.4 and II.A.5: Underwriting the Borrower (TOTAL) and Manual Underwriting of the Borrower (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026