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DictionaryThe buying process

Colonia: what it means

Under federal law, a colonia is a community in Arizona, California, New Mexico or Texas, in the U.S.-Mexico border region, that is identified as a colonia by criteria such as a lack of drinkable water, adequate sewage systems and decent, safe and sanitary housing, and that existed as a colonia before the law was passed. Those four states must set aside part of their federal community development funds for water, sewage and housing in colonias.

In Spanish it is

Colonia

Also written as: colonias · border colonias

The full explanation

The CFPB notes that many landowners and developers in Texas border colonias have offered financing through contracts for deed.

An example

Before buying a lot in a colonia near the border, Leticia asks whether it has water and sewer service, and asks in writing who promises to install them and when.

You will see it in…

  • Ads for lots near the Mexico border
  • Your state's housing, water and sewer programs for colonias
  • Contracts for deed to buy land
A man smiles on a bench outside his apartment building.

Still confused by a paper?

A HUD-approved housing counselor can walk you through it. Agencies usually charge little or nothing, many work in Spanish, and they do not sell you anything.

Official sources

We sum up what these official sources say, in plain words. We add no rules they do not state; when a rule changes, the definition and its date change.

  1. 1. Legal Information Institute (Cornell Law School) · 42 U.S.C. § 5306, statutory note: Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act § 916 (set-aside and definition of colonia) (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026
  2. 2. CFPB · Report on Contract for Deed Lending (Texas border colonias) (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026