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DictionaryThe buying process

Appraisal gap: what it means

An appraisal gap is the difference between the price you agreed to pay for a home and an appraisal that comes in lower. It matters because the lender measures your loan against the property's value (the loan-to-value ratio): on loans Fannie Mae buys, that value is the lower of the sales price or the appraised value.

In Spanish it is

Brecha de tasación (avalúo bajo)

Also written as: low appraisal · appraisal shortfall

The full explanation

With a VA loan, for example, you can request a reconsideration of value, negotiate a lower price with the seller or pay the difference at closing. An appraisal contingency in the contract can let you renegotiate the price or walk away from the purchase.

An example

Carmen makes an offer on a home, but the appraisal comes in below the price. Because her contract has an appraisal contingency, she asks the seller to lower the price instead of putting in more of her own money.

You will see it in…

  • The appraisal report, compared with the price in your purchase agreement
  • The appraisal contingency in your contract
  • Conversations with your lender and the seller before closing
A young man and a young woman look something up together on a laptop.

Still confused by a paper?

A HUD-approved housing counselor can walk you through it. Agencies usually charge little or nothing, many work in Spanish, and they do not sell you anything.

Official sources

We sum up what these official sources say, in plain words. We add no rules they do not state; when a rule changes, the definition and its date change.

  1. 1. Fannie Mae · Selling Guide B2-1.2-01: Loan-to-Value (LTV) Ratios (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026
  2. 2. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs · Buying a home with a VA-backed loan (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026
  3. 3. Freddie Mac · Understanding contingency clauses in homebuying (external site) · in English · Verified on October 17, 2026